Rotary pump, compressor, engine, and the like



e 4, 1934- M. R. HUTCHISON, JR 1,983,034

ROTARY PUMP, COMPRESSOR, ENGINE, AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 31, 1935 2. Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR M. K Hum/150M, JR

l X l "FORE Ea c- 193 M. R HUTCHISON. JR 1,

ROTARY PUMP, COMPRESSOR, ENGINE, AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. C51, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR M. A. H07CH/50M JR.

i 15 pear as the specification proceeds.

Patented Dec. 4, 1934 PATENT OFFICE ROTARY PUMP, COMPRESSOR, ENGINE, AND THE LIKE Miller R. Hutchison, Jr., Madison, N. J., assignor to Multicycol Pump & Engine Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application January 31, 1933, Serial No. 654,420

15 Claims. (01. 103-424) This invention relates to devices in the nature of rotary pumps, compressors, meters and other machines for handling or passing fluids.

Objects of the invention are to attain high working or useful displacement per revolution in a compact, simple eflicient unit; to effect when so desired, continuous, as distinguished from intermittent flow; to accomplish various mixing and metering operations and to attain all the foregoing and other desirable objects in an entirely practical economical manner.

Other objects accomplished and the various novel features of construction, combinations and relations of parts involving the invention, will ap- The drawings accompanying and forming part of' the specification illustrate certain practical embodiments of the invention, but as these are primarily by way of disclosure, it will be appreciated that the structure may be further modified and changed, all within the true intent and broad scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a broken cross-sectional view illustrating the invention embodied in the form of a rotary pump and with direction of fluid flowindicated by arrows.

Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 are broken end elevations illustrating the parts in successive positions, as they would appear with the end closure of the machine removed.

Fig. 6 is a broken longitudinal sectional view as on substantially the plane of line 6- -6 of Fig. 1.

Figs. '7 and 8 are broken end and longitudinal sectional views illustrating a manifolding of like i ports by manifold passages in the end closures of the machine.

The'high effective displacement per revolution is obtained in this invention through the medium of a cam-like impeller designated 9, cooperating 40 with a series of hollow faced rockers grouped about the same. This impeller cam is here illustrated asv of substantially triangular formation having three flat sides 10, joined by equi-distantly spaced rounded lobes 11. r

The rockers, four in number in this particular disclosure, are designated 12, 13, 14,15 and are alike in the sense that they each having a cylindric outer surface 16, of greater than semi-cylindrical form to seat in the greater than semi-cylindrical bcarings 1'1, and hollowor concave inner faces 18, opposed to and cooperating with the cam contour.- These concave faces may closely approach or actually follow the rounded form of the cam lobes and these concavities may merge at each end into convexly rounded bearing portions .19, for smoothly following the contour of the cam.

The greater than semi-cylindrical form of the bearings and rockers causes the rockers to be held in their seats without support from the cam, relieving the cam of rocker-supporting load and brings support for the rockers as close as possible to the cam following portions, the better to sustain lateral thrust and prevent binding.

The seats for the rockers are shown as formed in the interior of a generally cylindrical supporting member 20, having a central cavity 21, forming a chamber for the cam and having, along the exterior of the same, channels 22, 23, 24, 25 between rocker seats and serving as passages for the fluid.

In, this particular illustration, the diametrically opposite channels 22 and 24 are exhaust or outlet passages and the other diametrically opposite channels 23 and 25 are inlet passages.

Like-functioning passages, such as outlet passages 22, 24, or inlet passages 23, 25, may be joined together or manifoldedor, if desired, may be kept separate. Thus in the first form illustrated, Figs. 1 to 6, outlet passage 22 is in com- 30 munication with outlet piping 26 and outlet passage 24 has connected with it outlet piping 2'7. Piping 26 may be led to one place and piping 27 to another, to carry fluid to separate points of use but these two lines of piping may be joined 35 at the pump or elsewhere to carry the joint sup ply of fluid.

Similarly, piping 28 and 29 are connected with inlet channels 23 and 25 and these may be joined to take liquid or other fluid from a single source, or they maybe led to separate sources of the, same or difierent fluids. Thus the pump may be made to handle at the same time different fluids or fluids from different sources and todeliver these fluids to the same or different points of 5 use, or to mix, the fluids and deliver them together to a desired point of use. This construction also, it will be evident, enables the. separate or joint handling of fluids at different heads and pressures, the mixing of fluids of different denfsities or other characteristics, and the like.

The desired valving operations are accomplished in the present disclosure by porting the rockers and rocker seats to alternately openthe cavities in the rockers to the inlet and outlet passages respectively. In the illustration. ports 30 extend from opposite sides of inlet channel 23, inwardly to the seats of rockers 13, 14 and similar inlet ports 31 extend through from passage 25 .to the seats of adjoining rockers 12, 15.

Y kept practically continuous.

From opposite sides of exhaust passages 22, ports 32 extend inwardly to the seats of rockers 12, 13 and similar exhaust ports 33 extend from exhaust passage 24 to the seats of rockers 14, 15.

The diametrically opposite rockers 12, 14, are shown formed with through ports 34, 35, related at acute angles to register alternately with inlet and outlet ports 31, 32 and 30, 33 and the other pair of diametrically opposite rockers 13, 15, are shown as through ported at 36, 37, on obtuse angles to alternately register with inlet and outlet ports 30, 32 and 31, 33.

The operation may be traced by starting with Fig. 1, where t e obtuse ported rocker 13 at the top is cut off from inlet passage 23 and the acutely ported rocker 14 at the right-is in full communication with inlet passage 23, by way of ports 30, 34; With the cam rotating in the direction of the arrow, the displacement chamber in the face of rocker 14 is increasing in size and consequently suction is being exerted, to fill this chamber from the inlet passage. As rocker 14 turns to the right through positions, Figs. 2 and 3, the intake port 34 therein is shut off and at approximately the time of maximum clearance volume, the outlet port 35 is brought into communication with outlet port 33. Then in the further rotation of the cam, through positions, Figs. 4 and 5, the liquid or other fluid within the cavity of the rocker will be displaced by the cam lobe out through ports 35, 33, into outlet or exhaust passage 24. As the Fig. 5 position is reached, rocker 14 is cut ofi from both inlet and outlet passages and in the further movement of the cam, it reverses its action to go through another cycle of taking in and discharging the fluid. Each rocker thus accomplishes a complete cycle of work for each cam lobe and as there are three lobes in the illustration, each rocker will perform three complete cycles for a single cam revolution. There being four rockers, there will thus be in this particular case, twelve complete cycles accomplished for each rotation of the cam. Hence, this structure produces a high useful displacement per revolution in a particularly compact form of unit.

It will be noted by comparison of the different views, that both induction and discharge may be Thus, as rocker 14 approaches the end of its induction stroke as in Fig. 2, the rocker 13 starts on its induction stroke, both these for a time taking from the same intake passage 23. Then, as rocker 13 approaches the end of its induction stroke, Fig. 3, rocker 12 commences to take from intake passage 25, following which rocker 15, Fig. 4, commences to take from inlet passage 25 and when this rocker is about to cease its intake action, rocker 14 will again have started to draw from inlet passage 23.

Similarly as regards exhaust. rocker 12, Fig. 1, which then is delivering into outlet passage 22, rocker 15 comes into action to deliver into outlet passage 24, Fig. 2, before rocker 12 cuts oil. Then as indicated in Fig. 3, rocker 14 starts to deliver into outlet passage 24 and as it reaches the end of its delivery stroke, Fig. 4, rocker 13 starts delivering into outlet passage 22, Fig. 5.

The inlet and outlet passages may be manifolded or branch-connected either within or outside the machine, the external piping illustrating the possibility and practicability of the latter and Figs. -'7 and 8 illustrating the carrying out of the former. In Fig. 7, the outlet passages 22, are shown as cross-connected at the end of the machine by a manifold'passage 38, cored or other- Starting with wise formed, Fig. 8, in the end plate 39. Similarly, these views show how inlet passages 23, 25, are cross-connected by a manifolding passage 40, provided in the opposite end plate 41. In such case, only one outlet and only one inlet connection are necessary, a suitable outlet connection appearing at 42, in Fig. 7, in communication with connecting passage 38 in end plate 39.

While the casing of the machine may be made up in difierent ways, it is preferred, at present, to construct it as indicated in Figs. 6 and 8, with the end plates 39, 41, having screw connections at 43, with the ends of the outer shell 44 of the casing, this shell enclosing the cylinder 20, in which the rockers are mounted and said cylinder then serving as a means for locating the end closures in predetermined definitely spaced relation. Gaskets 45 are indicated between the end plates and the ends of the outer cylinder to prevent any leakage past the screw threads. The inside cylinder thus serves as a spacer, fixing the end clearance of the rockers and cam. By screwing up the end heads, the cylinder jacket may be preloaded in tension. This imposes a pre-compression load on the cylinder, fixing the distance between the end 100 closure surfaces, which distance will then remain constant until internal pressure against the end closure surfaces exceeds the initial tension load. The construction is easily assembled and pretensioned as described, will maintain the proper end clearances through extended periods of use.

The cam being solid and without ports, may be formed from solid bar stock of the desired crosssection cut off the proper lengths, or may be extruded, die cast or otherwise produced. The shaft of the cam which is designated 46, may be integral or separately formed and is shown as journalled in suitable bearings 47, 48, one of which may be closed as at the left in Figs. 6 and 8 and the other be open to pass the shaft for driving 115 apparent, relieve any inter-rocker pumping ac- 125 tion, in effect floating" these cavities on the exhaust and intake sides or lines of the pump.

The invention it will be seen, provides a device for pumping, metering or otherwise handling or being operated by a liquid or various liquids or fluids, which is of high capacity for its size and of simple, rugged and relatively inexpensive construction. The structure mayv be modified in various ways to suit difierent requirements and conditions, within the broad scope of the invention as will be apparent from the claims following. In view of the broad intent of the claims, it should be understood that the terms employed herein have been used in a descriptive rather than in a limiting sense, except possibly for limitations as may be imposed by the state of the prior art.

What is claimed is:

1. A machine of the character disclosed, comprising a casing, a lobed cam operating therein, a

rocker journalled in said casing and having a 5 2. A machine of the character disclosed, comprising a casing, a lobed cam operating therein, a rocker journalled in said casing and having a cavital face opposed to the cam, said casing hav rocker and the passages in the casing having ports spaced differently from the port spacing of the rocker.

3. A machine of the character disclosed, comprising a casing having a chamber therein, a lobed cam operating in said chamber, rockers journalled in said chamber about said cam and having cavital faces opposed to the cam, said casing having inlet and outlet passages at the outside of said rockers and said rockers being ported to control communication from space in the chamber between the cam and cavital faces of the rockers to said inlet and outlet passages.

4. A pump or the like, comprising a lobed cam, a rocker journalled to cooperate therewith and having a hollow face opposed to the cam contour, said rocker having obtusely angled ports extending from the hollow face through to the exterior of the same and a casing enclosing the cam and rocker and having intake and discharge ports opposed to the rocker and spaced a distance different than the angular spacing of the ports in the rocker.

5. A pump or the like, comprising a lobed cam, a rocker journalled to cooperate therewith and having a hollow face opposed to the cam contour, said rocker having obtusely angled ports extending from the hollow face through to the exterior of the same and a casing enclosing the cam and rocker and having intake and discharge ports opposed to the rocker and spaced a distance less than the angular spacing of the ports in the rocker.

6. A pump or the like, comprising a lobed cam, a rocker journalled to cooperate therewith and having a hollow face opposed to the cam contour, said rocker having acutely angled ports extending from the hollow face through to the exterior of the same and a casing enclosing the cam and'rocker and having intake and discharge ports opposed to the rocker and spaced a distance difierent than the angular spacing of the ports in the rocker.

' 7. A pump or the like, comprising a lobed cam, a rocker journalled to cooperate therewith and having a hollow face opposed to the cam contour, said rocker having acutely angled ports extending from the hollow face through to the exterior of the same and a casing enclosing the cam and rocker and having intake and discharge ports opposed to the rocker and spaced a distance greater than the angular spacing of the ports in the rocker.

8. A pump or the like, comprising a lobed cam, hollow faced rockers cooperating therewith, certain of said rockers having acutely angled and others having obtusely angled ports extending therethrough fromthe hollow faces of the same and a casing enclosing the cam and rockers and having ports opposed to said rockerports and spaced differently from the angular spacing of the rocker ports.

9. A pump or the like, comprising a chambered casing, rockers joumalled therein and having hollow inner faces, a lobed cam cooperating with said rockers to exert pumping effect in the spaces within the hollow rockers and in the casing between adjacent rockers, valving means for con-- trolling flow of fluid into and out of the spaces defined by the cam and hollow faces of the rockers and means for relieving the pumping effect of the inter-rocker cavity within the casing.

10. A pump or the like, comprising a chambered casing, rockers journalled therein and having hollow inner faies, a lobed cam cooperating with said rockers to exert pumping effect in the spaces within the hollow rockers and in the casing between adjacent rockers, valving means for controlling flow of fluid into and out of the spaces defined by the cam and hollow faces of the rockers. means for relieving the pumping effect of the inter-rocker cavity within the casing and inand outlet passages and valving means controlled by said rockers for governing flow in said passages. I

12. A device of the character disclosed, comprising in combinaton, a chambered casing, rockers journalled in said casing with space therebetween, a lobed member cooperating with said rockers, said rockers having hollow faces forming with the cam member variable displacement chambers, valve means providing ingress and egress to and from said variable displacement chambers and a relief port leading from the space between said rockers.

13. A device of the character disclosed, comprising in combination a chambered casing, rockers journalled in spaced relation in said casing, a cam journalled in said casing, said rockers having hollow face portions engaging said cam and forming therewith variable displacement chambers, valve means providing ingress to and egress from said variable displacement chambers, inlet and outlet passages in the casing in communication with said valving means and pressure relieving ports extending from the spaces between the rockers to said inlet and outlet passages.

14. A machine of the character disclosed, comprising in combination a chambered casing having diametrically opposite inlet passages and diametrically opposite outlet passages, rockers journalled in said casing and having hollow inner faces ported through o communicate alternately with said inlet and outlet passages and a lobed member operating in said casing in cooperative relation with the hollow face portions of said rockers to provide variable displacement of pumping chambers.

15. A device of the character disclosed, comprising in combination a chambered casing having seats of generally cylindrical form disposed about a central axis, a lobed member journalled in the chamber of the casing on said axis, rockers of generally cylindrical external form journalled in said seats and having hollow inner faces opposed to and engaged by said lobed member, said rockers having ports extending therethrough from the hollow inner faces to the cylindrical outer faces of the same and inlet and outlet ports in the casing disposed for alternate registration with said rocker ports.

' MILLER R. HUTCHISON, JR. 150 

